DIN 459-1-1995 建筑材料机械.混凝土和灰浆用搅拌机.第1部分:性能和尺寸的术语和定义
时间:2024-05-10 23:59:08 来源: 标准资料网 作者：标准资料网 阅读：9311
【英文标准名称】:Buildingmaterialmachines-Mixersforconcreteandmortar-Part1:Terms,determinationofperformance,sizes
【原文标准名称】:建筑材料机械.混凝土和灰浆用搅拌机.第1部分:性能和尺寸的术语和定义
【标准号】:DIN459-1-1995
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1995-11
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:混凝土;规范(验收);型式;尺寸;尺寸;搅拌机;性能;额定容量;混凝土搅拌机;输出测定;混合器;定义;操纵;灰浆;施工机械;图形符号
【英文主题词】:constructionmachinery;size;mortars;types;concretes;mixingmachines;dimensions;handlings;mixers;definition;graphicsymbols;concretemixers;outputdetermination;performance;volumetricratings;definitio
【摘要】:Thedocumentappliestomixersforthepreparationofconcreteandmortarwithhydraulicbinders.
【中国标准分类号】:P97
【国际标准分类号】:91_220;01_040_91
【页数】:4P;A4
【正文语种】:德语
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforSteady-StateHeatTransferPropertiesofPipeInsulation
【原文标准名称】:管道隔热稳态热传导性能的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMC335/C335M-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C16.30
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:表面导热系数;实验设计;辐射热传导;稳态热传导;热阻;管道热绝缘
【英文主题词】:apparentthermalconductivity;experimentaldesign;radialheattransfer;steadystateheattransfer;thermalresistance;Pipethermalinsulation
【摘要】:Asdeterminedbythistestmethod,thepipeinsulationlinealthermalresistanceorconductance(and,whenapplicable,thethermalresistivityorconductivity)aremeansofcomparinginsulationswhichincludetheeffectsoftheinsulationanditsfituponthepipe,circumferentialandlongitudinaljointing,andvariationsinconstruction,butdonotincludetheeffectsoftheoutersurfaceresistanceorheattransfercoefficient.Theyarethusappropriatewhentheinsulationouter-surfacetemperatureandthepipetemperatureareknownorspecified.However,sincethethermalpropertiesdeterminedbythistestmethodincludetheeffectsoffitandjointing,theyarenottruematerialproperties.Therefore,propertiesdeterminedbythistestmethodaresomewhatdifferentfromthoseobtainedonapparentlysimilarmaterialinflatformusingtheguardedhotplate,TestMethodC177,ortheheatflowmeterapparatus,TestMethodC518.Thepipeinsulationlinealthermaltransferenceincorporatesboththeeffectoftheinsulationanditsfituponthepipeandalsotheeffectofthesurfaceheat-transfercoefficient.Itisappropriatewhentheambientconditionsandthepipetemperatureareknownorspecifiedandthethermaleffectsofthesurfacearetobeincluded.Becauseofthetestconditionrequirementsprescribedinthistestmethod,recognizethatthethermaltransferpropertiesobtainedwillnotnecessarilybethevaluepertainingunderallserviceconditions.Asanexample,thistestmethodprovidesthatthethermalpropertiesshallbeobtainedbytestsondryorconditionedspecimens,whilesuchconditionsarenotnecessarilyrealizedinservice.Theresultsobtainedarestrictlyapplicableonlyfortheconditionsoftestandfortheproductconstructiontested,andmustnotbeappliedwithoutproperadjustmentwhenthematerialisusedatotherconditions,suchasmeantemperaturesthatdifferappreciablyfromthoseofthetest.Withthesequalificationsinmind,thefollowingapply:Forhorizontalorverticalpipesofthesamesizeandtemperature,operatinginthesameambientenvironment,valuesobtainedbythistestmethodcanbeusedforthedirectcomparisonofseveralspecimens,forcomparisontospecificationvalues,andforengineeringdataforestimatingheatlossofactualapplicationsofspecimensidenticaltothosetested(includinganyjacketsorsurfacetreatments).Whenappropriate,correctfortheeffectofendjointsandotherrecurringirregularities(4.4).Whenapplyingtheresultstoinsulationsizesdifferentfromthoseusedinthetest,anappropriatemathematicalanalysisisrequired.Forhomogeneousmaterials,thisconsistsoftheuseofthethermalconductivityorresistivityvalues(correctedforanychangesinmeantemperature)plustheuseofthesurfaceheattransfercoefficientwhentheambienttemperatureisconsidered(forexample,seePracticeC680).Fornonhomogeneousandreflectiveinsulationmaterials,amoredetailedmathematicalmodelisrequiredwhichproperlyaccountsfortheindividualmodesofheattransfer(conduction,convection,radiation)andthevariationofeachmodewithchangingpipesize,insulationthickness,andtemperature.Itisdifficulttomeasurethethermalperformanceofreflectiveinsulationthatincorporateaircavities,sincethegeometryandorientationoftheaircavitiescanaffectconvectiveheattransfer.Whileitisalwaysdesirabletotestfull-lengthpipesections,thisisnotalwayspossibleduetosizelimitationsofexistingpipeinsulationtesters.Ifinsulationsectionsaretestedlessthanfulllength,internalconvectiveheattransferare......
【中国标准分类号】:P94
【国际标准分类号】:91_100_60
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforEnvironmentalRegulatoryComplianceAudits
【原文标准名称】:环境规章符合性审计用标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTME2107-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E50.05
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:评审;生态学;环境方面;环境管理系统;环境管理;规章
【英文主题词】:environmentalaudit;environmentalcompliance;environmentalmanagement
【摘要】:1.1Purpose8212;Thispracticeidentifiesminimumrequirementsforenvironmentalregulatorycomplianceaudits(audits).ItalsoprovidesinformationonthetermsandproceduresassociatedwithauditsaspracticedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica(USA)andotherjurisdictionssubjecttothelawsthereof.Itprovidesareferencetowhichinterestedpartiesmayreferfordefinitionanddescriptionofacceptedaudittermsandprocedures.1.2Background:1.2.1AwarenessofBenefitsAssociatedwithAudits--Variousbenefitshavebeenattributedtoaudits.Thesebenefitsmayincludeabetterunderstandingofthecompliancestatusofafacilityororganization,identificationofopportunitiesforenvironmentalmanagementsystemsimprovements,reductionoreliminationofpotentiallegalandfinancialliabilitieswhenimplementedaspartofacomprehensivecompliancemanagementprogram,bettercommunicationsandimprovedrelationshipswithgovernmentalagencies,communities,andotherstakeholders,providinginformationfordevelopmentofbothshort-termandlong-termenvironmentalexpenditures,andeducationofemployees.1.2.2AwarenessofRisksAssociatedwithAudits--Itisalsoimportanttorecognizethatcertainriskshavebeenassociatedwithaudits.Theserisksmaybemanagedandcontrolledbygivingthoughtfulconsiderationtotheauditprocessbeforebeginninganaudit.Theserisksmayincludeincreasedpotentiallegalandfinancialliabilitiesfortheauditedentityifauditfindingsarenotcorrectedinatimelymanner,disclosureofconfidentialbusinessinformationortradesecrets,inadvertentadmissionsagainstinterestbecauseofthewordingofauditfindings,disclosureofauditfindingsintendedtobekeptconfidentialunderauditprivilegelawsorattorney-clientprivilegeorworkproductdoctrine,andinaccurateauditfindings.1.2.3AwarenessofLegalIssues--Anumberofimportantlegalissuesareassociatedwithaudits.Examplelegalissuesincludethequalificationforoneormoreevidentiaryprivileges,thequalificationforlimitedimmunity,theprotectionoftradesecretsandconfidentialinformation,theapplicationofanumberofgovernmentpoliciesassociatedwithenvironmentalaudits(includingfederalandstateprogramsthatprovideincentivesfordetecting,disclosing,andcorrectingpotentialviolationsthroughauditing),theformandlanguageofauditreports,thenecessityofreportingcertaininformationtothegovernment,(eitherfederal,state,orlocalagencies),thepotentialliabilityofauditors,andtheimportanceofpromptlyaddressingissuesidentifiedduringaudits.Priortoinitiatingandduringanaudit,interestedpartiesshouldconsiderpotentiallegalissuesandconsultlegalcounselorotherexpertsasappropriate.1.3Organization--Thispracticeisorganizedinthefollowingmanner:SectionScope1ReferencedDocuments2Terminology3SignificanceandUse4Responsibilities5AuditorQualificationsandStaffing6TheAuditProcess7EvaluationandReportPreparation8Keywords9